Paper No. 19 - The Black Cat By Edgar Allan Poe

 ''The Black Cat'' By Edgar Allan Poe

Question - 1  How does Poe create a sense of suspense & horror in the story. ( Themes, symbols & etc... )

Answer : 

Summary : 

                The Black Cat” is a Gothic horror tale by Edgar Allan Poe, who relies on supernatural elements to portray the dark side of human nature. The tale was first published in The Saturday Evening Post in August 1843 and examines The Sources of Sin, The Consequences of Alcohol Addiction, and Science Versus the Supernatural through the lens of an unreliable narrator.This study guide refers to the version of “The Black Cat” published in The Complete Tales and Poems of Edgar Allan Poe (Vintage Books, September 1975). He compares the unreliable nature of humans with the steadfastness of his animal companions. He marries young, and his wife shares his disposition toward animals, gifting him a large black cat that is both “beautiful” and “sagacious to an astonishing degree” (223).

               The cat, Pluto, becomes a favorite pet and accompanies the narrator around the house and often in the streets. His wife continually makes half-serious references to the folk belief that black cats are witches in disguise. Over time, the narrator's growing dependency on alcohol causes his temperament to change toward his pets and his wife, and he begins physically abusing both. His ill treatment finally extends even to the beloved Pluto. The narrator returns home intoxicated, senses that Pluto is avoiding him, and cruelly removes the creature's eye with a penknife-an act he attributes to the “unfathomable longing of the soul to vex itself-to offer violence to its nature-to do wrong for wrong's sake only” (225). The same spirit eventually leads him to hang the creature, weeping as he does so and feeling that he is damned.

              On the night of Pluto's murder, the narrator is awoken from sleep by his house burning down. He and his wife narrowly escape alive. The next day, the narrator visits the burned-down house and finds neighbors gathered near the one remaining wall, which bears the image of a cat with a noose around its neck. He rationalizes the image as a bizarre chemical reaction and supposes a neighbor threw the animal's body into the house to alert the residents to the fire.  The narrator begins to long for another feline companion, which he one night finds while drinking in a less-than-reputable haunt. He inquires after the creature and discovers it does not belong to the landlord. It is exceedingly affectionate toward him and resembles the deceased Pluto, even missing one eye; however, the cat has a large shock of white fur covering its chest.

Symbols :

                   Black cats are a traditional symbol of evil, associated particularly with witches and thus the devil. Although Pluto, the narrator's first black cat, is initially his favorite pet, the name suggests an association with death and darkness from the start (Pluto being the Roman god of the underworld). This is certainly the role the black cats play in the narrator's version of events, as the narrator repeatedly links them to witches, ghosts, and demons. The black cats are therefore convenient scapegoats for his own crimes.

       

Themes :  

                   In its depiction of the narrator's guilt, “The Black Cat” relies on a Christian framework of sin. Other than his alcohol addiction, the narrator can give no reason for why he murdered his beloved Pluto beyond a “spirit of Perverseness” (225). This tendency, which he describes as an inclination to do wrong simply for its own sake, roughly resembles the notion of original sin-the innate propensity to do wrong, in Christian theology. In other words, while the devil might have tempted humanity into its initial sin, the primary locus of evil in Christianity is internal rather than external.

Question - 2 Why do you think the narrator's descent into madness occurs? 

Answer : 

                Edgar Allan Poe's works are famous for featuring dark themes, violence, and psychologically unstable characters. Two of his best-known works are The Tell-Tale Heart and The Black Cat, both of which involve narrators who are not same. In The Black Cat, the narrator tries to kill his cat but ends up killing his wife when she tries to defend the animal. Madness is a shared characteristic of the narrators in these texts.

  

              Each narrator commits a murder and successfully hides, but is eventually caught because of their own madness. Poe has a unique way of showing this madness in these texts.This essay will argue that Poe represents madness in The Black Cat through the narrators lack of motivation to kill and the linguistic and structural elements of the texts. Madness in The Black Cat is represented by the narrators lack of sufficient reason to commit murder.

 

             She even admits that she loves the man. He states, “The object was not there. There was no passion. I loved the old man. He never wronged me. He never insulted me. I had no desire for his gold”. The insanity is evident in the irrational rationalization the narrator uses to justify his murder. Madness is represented in The Black Cat through the narrator's absurd reasoning for attacking the cat and proceeding to kill both the cat and his wife. After returning home in a drunken state, the narrator states, "I felt the cat avoid my presence" (Black Cat 65). The narrator is enraged at the thought of the cat avoiding him, and in a fit of aggression he gouges out the cat's eye.

            Believing that the cat is avoiding him suggests that he is unnecessarily paranoid. A reasonable person would not conclude that the cat is trying to avoid him and her, because avoidance is a human trait. The narrator's violent reaction and despair at the helpless creature also suggests that he is mentally unstable. Even the narrator admits to his madness in this case, as he writes, “The fury of a demon immediately possessed me. I don't know myself anymore" (Black Cat 65). Later, he regrets having harmed the animal. He states, "I blush, I burn, I tremble, when I write of the terrible atrocity". (Black Cat 65).

   

              However, although he regrets it after attacking the cat, he later proceeds to kill it. Madness in this text is represented by the narrator's escalation of violence, from attacking the cat to killing it, even though he feels guilty after the first aggressive interaction with the animal.

Question - 3 What role does alcohol play in the narrator's actions & decisions? 

Answer : 

                  There are people who believe the narrator's beloved cat Pluto is to blame for everything that happened in Edgar Allan Poe's “The Black Cat”. With everything that seemed to happen, it would make sense to blame the cat, but delving in deeper into the story one can see that a more logical view of the story would show that the narrator is to blame for what happened in the story. 

    

                Earlier in the short story the wife stated that she felt that all black cats are witches, and black cats are already considered bad luck to most people, but the actual character that is to be blamed in “The Black Cat”, is the narrator for many reason, his alcoholism, his bad marriage, and the fact that throughout the story he was going mad.As the story goes along the reader can see how the narrator's alcoholic behavior increases dramatically. The alcoholism plays such a large role in the development of the narrator and even the development of the story that the narrator even goes so far as to call “It” a disease. 

                   As the story progresses the narrator slowly gets angrier and more violent. Leading to him going into a drunken rage causing him to gouge out the eye of his beloved cat Pluto because he would not show him any affection. Then the story goes on through a series of events involving him hanging his cat, because he was so upset at the fact that he caused his cat so much pain and that the cat would not want to be around him.After a while he and his wife find a new home and after some time of living there he notices another black cat next to a huge barrel of alcohol. 

 

                     Now the barrel is very significant part of the story even though that section of the story is only briefly mentioned. The black cat next to the barrel of alcohol could defiantly signify that his alcoholism is going to kill him or lead to his demise in some way. In the end of the story he ends up hating the new cat because his wife loved it tremendously.The cat constantly kept rubbing on his legs while he was walking, making him believe the cat was trying to kill him. He ended up getting tired of his cat's actions so he attempted to kill the cat, followed up with him killing his wife, which lead to his execution. The narrator made the same mistake many other young couples.

Baby Running Barefoot by D. H. Lawrence

                                Baby Running Barefoot by D. H. Lawrence

A Baby Running by D. H. Lawrence

Question-1 What's your understanding of the poem? Write it in detail. 

Answer:

         

                   David Herbert Lawrence was one of the prominent figures of the age. He was the person who believe in 'art for art sake' Hus works include "sons and lovers" 

                  The poem ''baby running barefoot'' is written by D h Lawrence which expresses the young child who is wandering in the garden. This poem also expresses the desire of the poet to play with the baby looking beautiful while running across the grass, the garden and the flower bets. The baby enjoying her childhood and the innocence is reflected on her face. 

             Natural imagery and elements are here supporting of child's tenderness because the innocence and beauty of child's activity are nothing but part and parcel of nature. Not only that but the poet uses personification like simile's like :

-White flowers in the wind 

-Ripples lapping across the water 

-Butterfly in the cup of flower

-Like A little Robinsons

-Cool like suringa birds

-Young peony flowers

                The central theme of the poem is the innocent movement of the baby who is running on barefoot. She is enjoying her own ways and activities which is beautifully compared with the elements of the nature the poet shares his emotions and intimacy with a child who always produces some sympathy and attraction towards different activities. 

            In the poem ''baby running barefoot'' from the first line define the poet compare in the baby's movement with the nature when he saying that "he feels baby's feet as white as white flowers nodding in the wind". It is doubtless that the poet cannot resist himself pressing the baby when he says that the poise and run look like a ripples lapping across the water as well as when the poet says that the baby un winsome? Like little Robinsons.

           To the poet, the baby's feet seems like white butterfly who are settled in a cup of flower or sometimes the poet imagines baby's feet like a wind shadow running / wondering passing over the water. The last sentence is describe the poets emotions when he is holding her little bare feet as he feels that the baby's  feet are like suringa birds and like pink young peony flowers.

              To sum up we can say that in the world of roughness or harshness. The poet is attracted and tended to innocence and tenderness. The bareness of the modern world is implicitly disgusted by the tenderness and delicacy of child's movement having barefoot which is time and again compared with the winsome elements of Nature.

Question -2 How do you see your own journey from childhood to adulthood? 

Answer:

              My journey from childhood to adulthood has been very difficult.

              When I was young, I was like a child till 8th standard.  In which I didn't find any tension, any problem etc. but since 9th standard my journey became little - little difficult and after coming to college my journey became very difficult because many problems have to be faced.  There are also many problems that make us loose from the body.

             A lot of experiences happened. But I have learned something from the experiences I have had. Many people have tried to tear me down. But people who have done such things don't know that we don't consider anyone, time is good for them today, tomorrow will be good for me too.

              Similarly, I have found my journey from childhood to adulthood difficult. And it still looks like it's going to be very difficult going forward.

          

A Prayer for My Daughter by W. B. Yeats

                               A Prayer for My Daughter by W. B. Yeats

A Prayer for my Daughter

Question - 1 : Write a detailed analysis of the poem A Prayer for My Daughter in your own words.

Answer: 

        This poem was written by William Butler Yeats for his infant daughter, Anne. He worries about her. Maud Gonne was a radical, opinionated intelligent woman he had. loved, but who had rejected his proposals. In this poem he vents his thoughts on her.

In his age of 52, he marries a half aged women to him named Georgie Hyde Lees and Anne was their first child.

 Stanza - 1 : 

                   A terrible, violent storm is raging outside. This “haystack and roof-leveling wind,” blowing directly from the Atlantic is obstructed, by just one naked hill and the woods of Gregory's estate. While my infant daughter sleeps in her cradle, well covered and protected from the onslaughts of the violent storm raging outside, I have kept pacing up and down and praying for my daughter because there is a storm raging within my soul as well. My mind is full of foreboding for the future of humanity.

Stanza - 2 :

                The shrill sound of the sea-wind upon the tower and below the arches of the bridge which connects the castle with the main road, and in the elms above the flooded river is heard by me. I have been praying for my young daughter for an hour and I am disturbed by the shrill sound of the sea-wind. My mind is haunted with fear. In the excitement and fear, I imagine that the future years have come out of the sea (“the murderous innocence of the sea”) dancing to the frenzied beat of drum (the shrill noise of the sea-wind). So, like an affectionate father, I pray for my daughter.

Stanza - 3 : 

             I pray that my daughter may be 'granted beauty' but not so much of it that it disturbs and distracts others. Women who are beautiful, begin to take it as an end in itself Such women, forget their 'natural kindness' and are unable to respond to the advance of even the sincere love. Thus, they ultimately fail to find a suitable life partner. (The reference obviously is to Maud Gonne, who was very beautiful and who had rejected Yeats's proposal of marriage to marry MacBride, a worthless person).

Stanza - 4 : 

           Helen, the daughter of Zeus and Leda, was a very beautiful woman. She eloped with Prince Paris of Troy, the outcome of which was the destruction of Troy. Aphrodite (Venus) too, who 'rose out of the spray' married Hephaestus, the lame iron smith of the gods unwisely and betrayed him later on. In the same manner Maud Gonne too had married very foolishly a worthless person as MacBride and was not happy with him. It seems certain that beautiful women eat something special which makes them proud and foolish and miserable, thus, becoming the cause of their undoing.

Stanza - 5 :

              I pray for my daughter that more than bewitching beauty, she should have virtues like courtesy. The hearts of people can be won permanently by the virtue of courtesy alone. Even those who are not very beautiful can win the hearts of others by being courteous. (Yeats's wife was not very beautiful yet she won his heart). Like many others, I too had acted like a fool in the case of the bewitching beauty, Maud Gonne. I thought that she loved me as I loved her but very soon I found myself to be in the wrong. Ultimately, it was courtesy and not mere beauty that won my heart.

Stanza - 6 :

          In continuance of the prayer, I plead that the soul of my daughter should flourish and reach self-fulfillment like a flourishing tree. Like the linnets, happy and innocent thoughts should cluster around her inner life. These little creatures, symbols of innocence and cheerfulness make others happy as well as by their songs. So, I wish my daughter to be happy within and infuse that happiness among others as well. The tree symbolizes inner life as well as constancy in place and a life rooted in tradition. I consider such a life to be a happy one and for this reason, I wish that my daughter's life should be rooted in one place and in tradition as well.

Stanza - 7 :

             On looking into my own mind and heart, I find hatred within myself because of the experience of my life and the sort of beauty I loved. To me hatred is the worst of all evils. I pray for my daughter that she should be free from such an evil. If the soul is free from hatred, no misfortune can possibly ruin the innocence and cheerfulness of a person.

Stanza - 8 :

            I feel that intellectual hatred is the worst kind of hatred and a great flaw in character. So, I would like my daughter to shun strong or stubborn opinions on any subject-political or otherwise. I would like my daughter to avoid the weaknesses of Maud Gonne. It was because of her strongly held opinions that Maud Gonne was led to act foolishly. All her beauty and her good upbringing proved to be useless. She ruined her happiness in life by choosing a worthless person as John MacBride for a husband.

Stanza - 9 :

      If my daughter is free from all intellectual hatred, she will be capable of enjoying an inner peace and happiness. In such a case her soul will be able to find its fulfillment within itself and not in working on the happiness of others as Maud Gonne was prone to do. Thus, she would be able to keep herself happy even in the midst of misfortune and the hostility of the world.

Stanza - 10 :

            I pray that my daughter may be married in a good, aristocratic family. I hope she would get a husband from such a family who would take her to a house where life is led in the aristocratic tradition i.e. where life is based on high, spiritual values. Arrogance and hatred should be absent from such a house because only in the atmosphere of custom and ceremony, can innocence and real beauty flourish. Arrogance and hatred is the trait of the masses or the commoners. The aristocratic way of life, however, is rooted in custom and tradition-culture preserve spiritual values and is itself preserved by ceremony and tradition.

' A Prayer for My Daughter '

Question-2: 'May she be granted beauty, and yet not

Beauty to make a stranger's eye distraught,"

What is your interpretation of these lines?

Answer: 

                   Yeats prays that Anne will be beautiful but not excessively. Beauty can be distracting and destructive, because it draws the attention of all even if he is an unknown person. The much beauty makes him "distraught" and unhappy as if he cannot fulfill his desire to possess this beauty. 

                                                                Thank You!!!

Araby By James Joyce

                                                              Araby

                                                                        By James Joyce 

ARABY by James Joyce

Question: 1 - Write a movie review based on the movie Rockford.

For Example:

● What are the similarities between the movie Rockford and the poem Araby by James Joyce?

● What types of inner turmoil does the protagonist go through in the story and the movie?

● What types of issues have been pointed out in the movie?

● What did you learn from the story and movie?

☞︎︎︎ 𝐴𝑛𝑠 : 

         

                 "Rockford" is a 1999 Indian English-language coming-of-age drama film written by Nagesh Kukunoor. The film navigates the younger crowd. For example - James Joyce's short story "Araby" has been compared to the Rockford movie.  

                    There is little variation between the themes of both 'Rockford' and 'Araby', as in the 'Rockford' film, the same feelings sink down between the teenage boys. And in 'Araby' the protagonist falls in love with his friend's sister 'Mangan's', likes him. Both the film and the short story have some charm.

                  In both the short story and the film, the protagonist and a teenage boy go through ups and downs (like many extreme situations).  In 'Araby' the young boy experiences the emotional turmoil of love and a lot of reality.  Similarly in 'Rockford' the first boy deals with friendship, love and many social activities, facing a lot of travel.  Both stories deal with, and serve as, many of the conflicts and challenges that come their way.

Movie Screening

                The movie 'Rockford' explores many different types of issues. That resonates with many people. Many social pressures are faced. This short story deals with themes of friendship, loyalty, honest work and the pursuit of one's dreams.

               All that happens in "Rockford" is a clash of personalities. And the hero faces many struggles keeping in mind the society and his family.

                  Both the short story "Araby" and the film "Rockford" have a lot to learn and a lot of problems. It does whatever the situation is faced with sincerely.

                At the end, the film 'Rockford' and the short story 'Araby' talk about a lot of big challenges. There were many things within these two that are applicable to us as well. We become memorable forever.

Class Movie Screening

Question: 2 - Write a note on the major themes of the story.

☞︎︎︎ 𝐴𝑛𝑠 : 

   There are many major themes of  "Araby" but some are discussed here.

            

             1. Religion & Catholicism 

             2. Coming of Age

             3. Escapism & the Exotic

             4. Love & Sexuality

             5. Symbolism 

                  ➪ Blindness

                  ➪ Light & Darkness

                  ➪ Brown

1. Religion & Catholicism :   

                    The narrator of “Araby” is surrounded by religion. He attends a Roman Catholic school and all of the people around him, just like he himself, are steeped in the Catholic religion that held sway in Ireland at the time when the story was set. Joyce does not clearly indicate how strongly the narrator believes in his faith, but Catholicism plays a large role in his upbringing and he often explains things through Catholic ideas and imagery.

                        Most obviously, the narrator over and over again thinks about and describes his crush, Mangan's sister, in religious terms. At one point he compares her to a “chalice” that he is protecting from a “throng of foes,” a reference that seems to compare her to the Holy Grail. At other times, he literally seems to worship her: “Her name sprang to my lips at moments in strange prayers and praises which I myself did not understand.” That the narrator doesn't even understand his prayers to Mangan's sister seems to imply that he is not idolizing Mangan's sister on purpose. Instead, it seems as if his Catholic upbringing has defined the form of how he understands anything for which he feels strong emotion. Up until this point, being a child, the narrator has only ever experienced familial love and love for God (or at least an attempt to love God, one founded in the religious language he is surrounded by), which he does not know how to differentiate from romantic love. And so he thinks of romantic love in religious terms.

2. Coming of Age :

                  One of the central issues in James Joyce's “Araby” is growing up. The narrator, who is a grown man who uses mature language to describe his youthful experience, reflects back on his experience with the "Araby" market, providing small insights from an adult perspective. The fact that the story is told from an adult perspective indicates that the story is about growing up: the narrator is reflecting back on a formative time during his childhood.

                  'The protagonist's development is reflected in his relationships with his friends. As the protagonist becomes consumed by his infatuation with Mangan's sister, he loses interest in playing with his friends as well as in school. Suddenly, the things that used to matter to him now seem less important, and he even begins to feel superior to his friends, deeming his everyday life, which now seems to stand in between him and his crush, “ugly monotonous child's play.” He also begins to spend less time with his friends and to observe them from an outsider's perspective. On the night of the Araby market, he watches them from the front window: “Their cries reached me weakened and indistinct and, leaning my forehead against the cool glass, I looked over at the dark house where she lived.” The glass both literally and metaphorically separates the narrator from his friends as they play in the street.

3. Escapism & the Exotic :

               In the text both Mangan's sister and the 'Araby' market offer an escape from the ordinary, from the dull, brown picture of Dublin that the narrator otherwise describes as the world he lives in. The narrator makes his boredom with everyday life very clear when he refers to his former boyhood antics as the “career of our play,” making even play seem like a kind of work. Similarly, his descriptions of school paint a picture of busywork, with a “master” most concerned about whether his pupils might be “beginning to idle.”

4. Love & Sexuality : 

                 One of the central issues of “Araby” is the narrator's developing crush on Mangan's sister and the discovery of his sexuality. Joyce shows the protagonist's evolution by first describing his sheltered upbringing, and then using physical descriptions of Mangan's sister to highlight the protagonist's budding sexuality.

                  However, although clearly the protagonist is infatuated with Mangan's sister, Joyce gives little evidence that it is “love.” The narrator thinks of Mangan's sister only in in a physical way, includes no details about her personality, and basically shares no dialogue with her. The narrator's relationship with Mangan's sister is just a crush from afar, and that the narrator thinks of it as a love akin to religion only makes him seem more no I've. 

                  Ultimately, as he tries and fails to buy a meaningful gift for Mangan's sister while overhearing the girl at the stall flirt with two young men, the narrator comes to the realization that he was motivated not by love but by vanity. That vanity seems to operate in two ways: First, in seeing the flirting of the girl with the boys at the stall, he sees that his sense of his own uniqueness in his feelings for Mangan's sister was incorrect, and that to see himself as being unique because of his “love” for her was therefore vanity. Second, he sees that his desire to please Mangan's sister came from his desire for her approval-not because he loved or cared about her as an individual.

5. Symbolism : 

 ➪ Blindness : 

              The story uses the word “blind” to draw attention to the narrator's naiveté and isolation. He begins by describing the dead-end street where the narrator lives as “blind,” with the narrator's house being a lone abandoned house at the blind end, set off from the other houses.

➪ Light & Darkness :

             The story uses a great deal of light and darkness in its descriptions. The story begins in the dark, with the “short days of winter” where the boys played in the “dark muddy lanes behind the houses.” And then the text follows the boys back to the street where the light from windows now illuminates the area.

➪ Brown :

             The color brown is used repeatedly to symbolize the dullness of everyday Dublin. The houses are brown, and even Mangan's sister is described as a “brown-clad figure,” perhaps indicating that it was common to dress in brown clothes. Brown is used to emphasize how unexciting and oppressive Dublin is for the narrator in every way, both visually as well as in the everyday occurrences.

                                                                       Thank you 🙏

The Nightingale & Rose Eng. Litera. P-17 Unit 01

                                                            The Nightingale and Rose 

                                                                                      by Oscar Wilde

THE NIGHTINGALE AND THE ROSE 

Question : 1 - Write about your understanding of the story The Nightingale and the Rose.

☞︎︎︎ 𝐴𝑛𝑠 :      

             The Nightingale knows that Love is greater than Life, so when she discovers that the only way to obtain a red rose is to sacrifice her own heart, she does so willingly. All of nature listens to her final love song. The last character to appear is the professor's daughter, the object of the Student's affection.

                The story begins with a young student who is lamenting in his garden because the love of his life will dance with him in the ball only if he brings her a red rose but there is no red rose in his garden. The Nightingale, living in the oak-tree of his garden, hears the young man crying over his helplessness and lamenting the fact that all his learning is useless since it cannot win him a girl’s love. 

                The nightingale comes to know that the young man is weeping for a red rose. She feels the pain of that boy and wants to help him. The bird flies and goes to the various bushes but cannot find a red rose. Finally she comes to know about a way of getting a red rose by a tree. She performs a suicidal act while singing with his heart on the thorn, giving her heart’s blood to a white rose which turns it in to a beautiful red rose. In this process the Nightingale dies.

                 When the student wakes up, he sees the red rose under his window, plucks it joyously and brings it to his love. The girl rejects the rose by saying that it will not match her blue dress and someone else has brought her jewels that are worth more than a rose. The boy throws the rose in the gutter and a cart runs over it.

                  At the end he decides that logic is better than love and love is unrealistic. He goes back to his home and starts reading a book.

Question : 2 - How many Characters are there in the story, and what do they do or say ? 

☞︎︎︎ 𝐴𝑛𝑠 : 

           

* There are five characters in the story.

        1. The Nightingale

        2. The Student 

        3. The Rose-tree

        4. The Girl

        5. The Lizard

1. The Nightingale: 

       

            The Nightingale is the protagonist of the story. She is romantic by nature and is inspired by student’s love.  She sings about love all the time and waits to see it. When she sees the student crying for a red rose, she decides to sacrifice her life to help him out.  She gives her heart’s blood to a white flower to color its petals and fulfill the need of student and in this process she dies. The whole story revolves around her sacrifice and selfless nature which is not appreciated throughout the story.

 

The Nightingale 

               At the end of the story, her sacrifice is ignored and wasted by everyone when the red rose, stained by her heart’s blood, is rejected and destroyed. Her selfless nature and unshakeable believe in true love shows that true does exist but people make it selfish.

2. The Student : 

                 He is a young boy with beautiful eyes and red lips who claims to be in love with a girl. In the very beginning of the story the student appears as a true lover who laments in his garden for the love of his life. He inspires the bird to sacrifice her life to help him out but as the story goes we come to know about his true nature. He is pre-occupied by practicality and lacks the ability to feel true emotions.

The Students

                  When the girls reject the red rose given by him, he calls her ungrateful and suddenly all his love fades away. He decides that love is unpractical and unrealistic. It shows him as a materialistic person rather than a person who believes in love and selflessness.   

3. The Rose - Tree : 

                    There are three rose trees in the story but only one plays a major role in it. This is the tree under student’s window that helps the Nightingale in creating a red rose.

The Rose - Tree

                    When Nightingale asks him for a way of getting a red rose, he refuses to tell her because he does not want her to lose her life. But the Nightingale performs this suicidal act by pressing her heart against one of his thorns, giving her heart’s blood to the rose to dye it red.

                  The rose-tree is the only one in the story who recognizes her sacrifice and remains sympathetic her.

4. The Girl : 

              The girl is briefly introduced in the story. She expresses an important theme. She is the student’s sweetheart and professor’s daughter. She tells the student to bring a red rose for her if he wants to dance with her in the party. When the student brings her a bright red-rose she rejects it because she is provided with jewels by another rich suitor.

The Girl

                                               

              This act of selfishness shows her as a materialistic and shallow person who values wealth more than true love.

5. The Lizard : 

             This character appears in the beginning of the story. When the student cries, he overhears him and laughs at him because he finds it useless to cry for a red rose.

              It shows the lizard as a pessimist who believes that the people are motivated by self-interest rather than acting for selfless reasons.

              This belief of lizard can be seen in the end of the story when the rose, a symbol of sacrificial love, is rejected by the girl and destroyed by the student for their self interests.

         

Question: 3 - If you were asked to do the second part of the story , what would it be ? Write feely .

☞︎︎︎ 𝐴𝑛𝑠 : 

                If I am given the opportunity to create another part of the story, I will write from that student's side. Because in the whole story, because of that girl, that student has suffered a lot in his studies. When the girl talks about bringing a red rose to that student, it is said that the girl will dance with the student afterwards.

        

                But in my opinion, when the girl can't even sing a good song, then the student didn't need to brainstorm and fall behind the red rose. Because of that student that bird is nightingale has ended its life.

          In life, that student should forget that girl and move on. It should make the girl feel. Nightingale had to lose her life for a rose and in the end the two were not together. When that student studies, he proceeds by remembering that in his mind. After that he passed 12th standard and got good percentage. Then he gets information for a good college which will be a good college where I can complete my studies well.

      

              He gets admission in a good college. He also works hard in college and then again he meets another girl like that girl, and proposes her and then the student remembers an incident in his life. 

                     Then that student gets a good job. Then that student makes another girl his partner. Makes the girl realize that there are many cheaters like you but I have found my partner better than you who helps me in my life. Helps me a lot to succeed.   

     

                      That girl also finds many boys like her, but those boys betray her like the student and leave. Then finally the girl realizes that I didn't appreciate it when I found someone to love. 

                     That girl says never leave the one you truly love, because sometimes it happens that you don't appreciate it when you truly love yourself, but later on you regret that you lost a good man.

                   Had I been given the chance to make another part, I would have made something similar.

                     

Question: 4 - Upload the photo of the poetry you have written as a part of classroom activities done based on the story . 

☞︎︎︎ 𝐴𝑛𝑠 : 

 THANK YOU !!!

Media : Freedom of the press Com. Eng. Unit 04

                                             Media : Freedom of the press

Question: 1 - What is the significance of World Freedom Day?

☞︎︎︎ 𝐴𝑛𝑠 : 

                 World Freedom Day reminds people of the importance of freedom and liberty in their lives. World Freedom Day also commemorates the beginning of events that ultimately led to the unification of Germany.

                The fall of the Berlin Wall is a reminder of the importance of democratic values in society. World Freedom Day reminds people of the importance of democracy. 

           The fall of the Berlin Wall was closely followed by the fall of the Soviet Union. This signaled the end of the Cold War era.

Question : 2 - How does access to information bring about empowerment?

☞︎︎︎ 𝐴𝑛𝑠 : 

                     The cries of “Black Power!”, “Student Power!”, and “Power to the People!” rang out in the 1960s and beyond. The idea of power was central to those social movements. The work of those groups led to changes in civil rights, gay rights, and women’s rights. For example, the Women’s Movement raised important issues regarding women’s relative lack of power in personal relationships and their lack of opportunities in the workplace and larger society. Oppressive conditions supported by men-driven laws and policies in the larger society affected women on the individual, organizational, community, and societal levels.

Freedom Of The Press 

                  Many participating within these social change movements experienced greater empowerment, which means gaining greater influence and control over important matters in one’s life and environment. Coupled with visions of hope and possibility, empowerment helped spur movements for positive social change for African Americans, students, women, Latinx, LGBT individuals, people with disabilities, Asian-Americans, prisoners, and people with mental illness, among many other groups.

                   Rappaport (1981) proposed that empowerment should be a primary focus of Community Psychology. He believed that empowerment is about helping those with less than their fair share of power to understand their own situation and gain more power. For Rappaport, empowerment includes considering people’s needs, their rights and their choices, and it captures the breadth of concern with the powerlessness that many groups experience.

Question : 3 - Which news channel do you watch regularly? 

☞︎︎︎ 𝐴𝑛𝑠 :   I watch Divya Bhaskar channel regularly.

Question : 4 - Who is your favorite journalist? 

 ☞︎︎︎ 𝐴𝑛𝑠 :   Nikul Vaghela is my favorite journalist. 

Nikul Vaghela

Question: 5 - What do you think about social media as a part of Journalist? 

☞︎︎︎ 𝐴𝑛𝑠 :  

                 Social media has transformed journalism, serving as a powerful tool for dissemination, engagement and information gathering. It provides journalists with a global audience and unprecedented access to real-time updates. A lot is known through social media. Out of which a lot of general knowledge is also available.

Social Media 

                 Building a sense of community is essential in today’s journalism landscape. Responding promptly to comments, questions, and direct inquiries fosters a strong connection with the audience. Platforms like Instagram offer interactive features such as live Q&A sessions, providing journalists a unique opportunity to engage with their audience and strengthen the bond directly.

                                                             THANK YOU !!!

એકલો જાને રે.....

                                                                                                       Date: 5th January 2024

                                                                                                     Day : Friday 

                     Eklo  Jane Re.....

Eklo Jane Re.... 

           Dr.  Written by Sharad Thakkar

 Dr. H.L. the book is based on a true incident in Trivedi's life.

 "Cheap Rowe a hundred times ;  Expensive rowe only once. "

             If we talk about the book Aan Eklo Jaane Re..., there is a lot to learn in this book.  Because the name of this book is "Eklo Jaane Re...".

            Briefly speaking about this book in my own words, Dr.  H.  L.  The true story of the life of a person named Trivedi has been talked about.  Because Dr.  H.  L.  Trivedi has struggled a lot.  First he did M.B.B.S and F.Y.  B.S.C.  Made in India.  After that he had to study further and works hard to brighten the name of his family.

            He then E.C.F.G.  He went to America for his degree.  Going there he E.C.F.G.  After obtaining a degree, he worked for a long time in the "Lakewood Hospital" there, his work was the "Kidney Institute".  After working there for a long time, he joined a hospital in Canada.  People there Dr.  Trivedi was given a lot of dollars but Dr.  Trivedi used to work during his working hours but he also used to do extra work during his extended hours.

       After that few years passed slowly.  He also had a wife and her name was Sunitaben.  Where Dr.  Trivedi used to accompany Sunitaben wherever he went to work.  But after some time Dr. Trivedi remembered India that while I am treating here, many patients in my country do not get the same treatment due to which some patients lose their lives.  Then some time Dr.  Both Trivedi and Mrs. Sunitaben came to India for a visit.

                Then it occurred to him that in my country my own people do not get the same treatment.  I studied so much but what is the use?  Dr. thought so.  Trivedi made a decision that he dreamed of building his own hospital while staying in India.  In a short time, Dr.  Trivedi and Mrs. Sunitaben came to India.

             Dr. Trivedi had a lot of support from his wife.  Every husband or wife can fulfill all their dreams when their partner supports them.  When your own patients in your own country need good doctors, you go to another country and save your relatives there, help the patients there.  If you want to work, not only for money, but create a good identity for yourself.  Money doesn't work, a good identity does.  Reading this book reminded me of one of our madam Vaidehi madam that if you work not for money but work where you enjoy yourself, make a name for yourself.

             "Honor does not belong to man,

                                   needs are,

                         out of need,

                                     End of honor!!  ''

       'It is not how long but how well you have lived that counts.'

                         Finally Dr.  Trivedi came to India and worked for some time in Ahmedabad Civil Hospital and prepared to build a hospital of his own.  Dr.  Trivedi wanted that I would give all the treatment to the people of my country completely free and would not take even a single rupee from the patients who are poor.  Dr. Trivedi's situation was very bad but after a lot of struggle he became a great man.  When you work with the right attitude, you will be successful.  He had no one to help him in his work.  Because there are no real people.  There are all those who do wrong in the present time.

              One good thing in this book is that if the salary is low, it will work, but the satisfaction should be more.

   

                 You donate, but donate where it is needed, don't show your name by donating where it is not needed.....

                   Dr.  Dr. Trivedi was born in the house of a primary teacher in a Meghli midnight in Charadwa village near Halwad.  Trivedi Sahib has been struggling all his life alone.

                      At the end, he introduced the poet Tagore's line that, "If no one hears your call, you will know alone..."

                 "" I was walking alone, Janibe Manzil Magar,

                            People met and a caravan was formed.  ""

               This verse tells about the whole book.  This book is very readable.  The people who are studying should read it specially..... or don't depend on anyone, you have to walk alone all your life.  As our Vipul Sir used to say that even his special friend does not support him in life, so you have to move forward alone throughout your life.

Human Interest :- A Service of Love ( Com. Eng. ) Unit 03

                                                                                                                      Date :- 05th January 2024 

                                                                                                                    Day :- Friday 

                                            𝑯𝒖𝒎𝒂𝒏 𝑰𝒏𝒕𝒆𝒓𝒆𝒔𝒕 :- 𝐴 𝑆𝑒𝑟𝑖𝑐𝑒 𝑂𝑓 𝐿𝑜𝑣𝑒 

A Service Of Love 

Question -01 : Discuss how O Henry employs the theme of sacrifice and love throughout the story 'A Service of Love'.

☞︎︎︎ 𝐴𝑛𝑠 : 

 

    There Two Theme in A service of love. 

          1. Love 

          2. Sacrifice 

1. Love : 

                       The core theme of the story, “A service of love” is Love. Joe and Delia loved each other unconditionally. Their love is what made them consider quitting their lessons in order to provide for their partner. They chose to secretly perform other jobs other than their artwork, from where they could earn some money. They both wanted each other to keep on learning from their art lessons. The last dialogue of Delia in the story, “just ‘When one loves'”, clearly supports this theme.

2. Sacrifice : 

                They both valued their relationship more than their passions. They had not spent much of their lives together, but when their savings ended, they both were ready to sacrifice their goals for their partner. In the time of need, they both were willing to back each other selflessly. In case they would not have been working at the same place coincidentally, they might have kept it a secret for a longer time.

         We grow up hearing the phrase ''Love conquers all. '' O. Henry's short story ''A Service of Love'' is a great example of how love drives two people to sacrifice their ambitions for the sake of each other. It's not a typical fairy tale, but it could make a good one.

Question - 2 : What is the significance of the title of the story? Discuss.

☞︎︎︎ 𝐴𝑛𝑠 : 

           The question is asked from the story ' A Service Of Love ' which is written by the story writer O. Henry. 

          The title of the story is an appropriate titles as the story only talks about love and its power. 

         Because of love, people tends to do impossible things and sometimes they deny the most possible thing. It is basically both the weakness and strength of any living beings. 

Question - 3 : What title would you choose if you were asked to do so? 

☞︎︎︎ 𝐴𝑛𝑠 : 

     Love and Honour  is the another title of this story .

Question - 4 : Translate the song "Monta Re" into English without the help of Google Sources and then cross-check. (Lootera is a Bollywood movie adapted from the short story Last Leaf by O. Henry.) Upload the translation photo to your blog.

☞︎︎︎ 𝐴𝑛𝑠 :  

THANK YOU